Resumo Objetivo avaliar a relação entre sintomas psicopatológicos e a situação laboral de profissionais de enfermagem da Região Sudeste do Brasil, no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método estudo observacional e transversal com coleta de dados virtual e por meio de snowball nos meses de abril a julho de 2020. Aplicou-se um questionário contendo dados sociodemográficos, laborais e a escala de avaliação de sintomas psicopatológicos (psicoticismo, obsessividade/compulsividade, somatização e ansiedade). Foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais para a análise dos dados. Resultados entre os 532 participantes, verificou-se relação entre carga horária de trabalho semanal e psicoticismo. Todos os domínios da escala associaram-se ao constrangimento e/ou violência no percurso de trabalho e recebimento de suporte psicológico/emocional da instituição onde o indivíduo trabalha/estuda. Conclusão a faixa etária, carga horária elevada, violência vivenciada e falta de suporte psicológico durante a pandemia associaram-se com o aumento dos sintomas psicopatológicos entre os profissionais de enfermagem. Sugere-se a criação de diretrizes institucionais voltadas ao acolhimento e acompanhamento dessas demandas.

Abstract Objective to evaluate the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the work situation of nursing professionals in the Southeast Region, Brazil, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method an observational and cross-sectional study with virtual and snowball data collection from April to July 2020. A questionnaire containing socio-demographic and labor data and the psychopathological symptoms assessment scale (psychoticism, obsessiveness/compulsivity, somatization, and anxiety) were applied. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results among the 532 participants, there was a relationship between weekly workload and psychoticism. All domains of the scale were associated with embarrassment and/or violence in the course of work and receiving psychological/emotional support from the institution where the individual works/studies. Conclusion the age group, heavy workload, experienced violence and lack of psychological support during the pandemic were associated with increased psychopathological symptoms among nursing professionals. It is suggested the creation of institutional guidelines aimed at the reception and follow-up of these demands.

Resumen Objetivo evaluar la relación entre síntomas psicopatológicos y la situación laboral de profesionales de enfermería de la Región Sureste de Brasil, en el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Método estudio observacional y transversal con recolección de datos virtual y por medio de snowball en los meses de abril a julio de 2020. Se aplicó un cuestionario que contenía datos sociodemográficos, laborales y la escala de evaluación de síntomas psicopatológicos (psicoticismo, obsesión/compulsión, somatización y ansiedad). Fueron utilizadas estadísticas descriptivas y de inferencia para el análisis de los datos. Resultados entre los 532 participantes, se verificó una relación entre la carga horaria de trabajo semanal y el psicoticismo. Todos los dominios de la escala se asociaron con incomodidad y/o violencia, en el transcurso del trabajo y el recibimiento de soporte psicológico/emocional de la institución, en donde el individuo trabaja/estudia. Conclusión el intervalo etario, la carga horaria elevada, la violencia experimentada y la falta de soporte psicológico, durante la pandemia se asociaron con el aumento de los síntomas psicopatológicos entre los profesionales de enfermería. Se sugiere la creación de directrices institucionales dirigidas al acogimiento y acompañamiento de esas demandas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o perfil das vítimas de tentativas de suicídio atendidas pelo Corpo de Bombeiros de um município do semiárido brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo transversal contendo dados do atendimento a vítimas de tentativas de suicídio, realizado pelos bombeiros militares do estado de Alagoas, no período de 1º de janeiro de 2000 a 31 de dezembro de 2017. Foram selecionadas as variáveis: sexo, idade, desfecho, intoxicação, uso de álcool, transtorno mental, estação do ano, dia da semana, horário, natureza da ocorrência e tempo de resposta, de transporte e total. Foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: Foram atendidas 144 vítimas de tentativas de suicídio. A frequência de atendimentos entre homens (n = 73; 50,7%) e mulheres (n = 71; 49,3%) foi semelhante. As mulheres apresentaram idade mais jovem (p < 0,001) e utilizaram o método da intoxicação (p < 0,001) duas vezes mais que os homens. A presença de transtorno mental (p = 0,04) foi mais comum entre os homens e o tempo consumido durante o atendimento pré-hospitalar foi maior entre eles, indicando que, possivelmente, as tentativas de suicídio cometidas por homens demandam maiores cuidados durante a assistência realizada pelos bombeiros. Conclusões: O perfil das vítimas de tentativas de suicídio apresentou frequência semelhante entre homens e mulheres, sendo as mulheres mais jovens. Nas mulheres, observou-se predomínio de intoxicações. Em homens, os transtornos mentais foram mais prevalentes. Além disso, fazem-se necessários o reconhecimento precoce dos casos de tentativas de suicídio, as principais formas de atuação e o preenchimento adequado das fichas de atendimento pré-hospitalar.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of suicide attempts assisted by the Fire Department of a Brazilian semi-arid municipality. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, containing data of care provided to victims of suicide attempts, conducted by the military firefighters of the state of Alagoas, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017. The following variables were selected: sex, age, outcome, intoxication, alcohol use, mental disorder, season of the year, day of the week, schedule, nature of occurrence, response time, transportation time and total time. The chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Results: Between 2000 and 2017, 144 victims of suicide attempts were cared. The frequency of care between men (n = 73; 50,7%) and women (n = 71; 49,3%) was similar. The women showed younger age (p < 0,001) and used the intoxication method (p < 0,001) twice as often as the men. The presence of mental disorder (p = 0,04) was more common among the men and the time consumed during prehospital care was higher among them, indicating that, possibly, suicide attempts committed by men require greater care for the assistance provided by firefighters. Conclusions: The profile of victims of suicide attempts showed a similar frequency between men and women, with younger women. In women, there was a predominance of intoxications. Besides that, mental disorders were more prevalent. However, it is necessary to early recognition of cases of suicide attempts, the main forms of action and the adequate completion of pre-hospital care forms.

RESUMO Objetivo Evidenciar os fatores predisponentes relativos à ansiedade em minorias sexuais e de gênero na literatura. Métodos Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. A busca dos artigos foi realizada em três bases de dados eletrônicas: PubMed/Medline, Scopus e ISI Web of Knowledge . Foram utilizados os descritores “ anxiety ”, “ LGBT people ”, “ gay ”, “ bisexual ”, “ lesbian ” e “ transgender ”, com textos completos, publicados no período de 2013 a 2018, no idioma inglês, e foi usado o operador boleano AND . Resultados Foram encontrados 712 artigos. Cinquenta e oito (58) artigos foram selecionados para serem lidos na íntegra e 13 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão desta revisão. As evidências mostram que a população LGBT apresenta maior risco para transtornos mentais, entre eles a ansiedade, quando comparada aos heterossexuais. O aparecimento dos sinais e sintomas de ansiedade estão relacionados com a vergonha e o comportamento evitativo dessa população devido à forte discriminação e à ausência de apoio social e familiar, o que ocasiona altos níveis de angústia. Apenas dois artigos estudaram menores de 18 anos. Conclusões Os profissionais da saúde devem estar abertos, acolhedores e atentos à saúde mental desse público, visando contribuir com a promoção da saúde, apoio social, familiar e a redução da discriminação.

ABSTRACT Objective To evidence the predisposing factors related to anxiety in sexual and gender minorities in the literature. Methods This is an integrative review. The search of the articles was conducted in three databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge. The descriptors "anxiety", "LGBT people", "gay", "bisexual", "lesbian" and "transgender" were used, with complete texts, published between 2013 and 2018, in the English language, boolean operator AND was used. Results A total of 712 articles were found. Fifty-eight (58) articles were selected to be read in their entirety and 13 met the inclusion criteria of this review. Evidence shows that LGBT people is at higher risk for mental disorders, including anxiety, when compared to heterosexual. The appearance of signs and symptoms of anxiety are related to shame and the avoidant behavior of this population due to the strong discrimination and lack of social and family life, which causes high levels of distress. Only two articles studied minors 18 years old. Conclusions Health professionals should be welcoming and attentive to health mental health of this public, with a view to contributing to health promotion, social and family support and reduction of discrimination.

Objective: To characterize the profile of suicide attempts treated at an emergency department in the municipality of Arapiraca, state of Alagoas, Brazil, from 2009 to 2012. Methods: We analyzed all emergency department records containing a diagnosis of suicide attempt. Data were evaluated using Student’s t test and Pearson’s chi-square test. Significance was accepted at p<0.05. Results: We identified 2,142 cases. Suicide attempts were more frequent among women and young adults, but deaths were more frequent among men. Suicide attempts were most frequent among patients aged 10 to 39 years (81.1%). Drug intoxication (65.0%) and non-drug poisoning (16.2%) were significantly more prevalent than other methods of suicide. The month of April (10.6%) accounted for the greatest number of cases, and July had the smallest number (5.5%). Suicide attempts were most prevalent in spring (28.3%), on Sundays (18.4%) and Saturdays (16.8%), and from 12:00 p.m. to 5:59 p.m. Conclusion: Suicide prevention measures should focus on young women. Further research into the care provided to suicide attempters and better monitoring of the sale and use of medicines and poisons could be useful.

OBJETIVO: O Transtorno de Ansiedade Generalizada (TAG) é uma doença caracterizada por sentimentos de ansiedade, medo, preocupação excessiva e tensão, frente as experiências de vida. Este estudo visa identificar polimorfismos genéticos associados com TAG, descritos na literatura científica. MÉTODO: Esta revisão utilizou o banco de dados PubMed/Medline, Web of Science e Scopus, usando as seguintes palavras-chave: "gene and generalized anxiety disorder", "SNP and generalized anxiety disorder" e "polymorphism and generalized anxiety disorder". RESULTADOS: Encontramos 10 polimorfismos que mostraram associação e 7 polimorfismos que não mostraram associação com TAG. Os genes NPY, BDNF, BLC2, DED2, RGS2, HTR1A, MAOA, ERS2 e 5-HTT mostraram polimorfismos associados ao transtorno. BDNF, ERS1 e TPH não mostraram tais associações. CONCLUSÃO: Esta revisão identificou uma variedade de polimorfismos genéticos, com resultados inconclusivos relativamente ao TAG, mostrando a necessidade de estudos genéticos voltados a este transtorno mental.

OBJECTIVE: Generalized Anxiety Disorder is a disease characterized by feelings of anxiety, fear, excessive worrying and tension in the face of life experiences. This study aims to identify genetic polymorphisms associated with Generalized Anxiety Disorder described in scientific literature. METHOD: This review was set up by searching PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Scopus database using the following key words: "gene and generalized anxiety disorder", "SNP and generalized anxiety disorder" and "polymorphism and generalized anxiety disorder". RESULTS: We found ten polymorphic varieties of nine genes that showed association and seven polymorphic varieties of three genes that showed no association with Generalized Anxiety disorder: genes NPY, BDNF, BLC2, DED2, RGS2, HTR1A, MAOA, ERS2 and 5-HTT showed association, whereas BDNF, ERS1 and TPH showed no association with the Disorder. Conflicting results regarding BDNF come from different studies. CONCLUSION: This review identified a variety of genetic polymorphisms, that have been studied in relation to Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Taken jointly, their results are inconclusive, showing that more genetic studies focused on this mental disorder are necessary.

ABSTRACT Seeking the reutilization of waste from agriculture and urban sources, studies have presented an option in the inclusion of such waste into new low-cost materials that are environmentally viable. One possibility is the reutilization of sugarcane bagasse ashes (SBA), the final waste in the productive process of the Brazilian alcohol sector. In addition to the behavior of materials with the use of SBA as additions in cement-based materials under normal environmental conditions, the study of the behavior of these materials when exposed to harsh environments is required. Thus, this project evaluated the properties, the compression strength and the bulk density of cement composites with partial replacement of cement by SBA without prior treatment. Also, it analyzed the weight loss and compressive strength of the composites subjected to environments with the presence of chloride ions. A factorial design was adopted to verify the influence of the addition of SBA (5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt%) and water/cement ratio (0.45 and 0.55) in the studied properties. The interaction between the factors was significant. The values obtained from the compressive strength of the manufactured composites showed that it is possible to replace up to 15wt% of cement for in natura SBA. After a chemical attack with an acid solution of HCl 30%, it could be observed that all materials had a lower compressive strength, which can be explained by the high weight loss suffered by all composites. Based on the results of compressive resistance, density and weight loss after the attack, it was observed that the mechanical behavior of the composites in relation to the referential conditions were similar. This study showed that it is feasible, in accordance to the studied properties, to use these composites in promoting the partial replacement of cement by this type of waste and its reutilization.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the socio-demographic profiles, suicidal ideation, the presence of mental disorders and the quality of life of patients using mental health services in Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil. METHOD: Interviews were conducted in family health units and the Psychosocial Attention Center. The sample included 202 mental disorder patients with a risk of suicide attempts, 207 mental disorder patients without a risk of suicide attempts and 196 controls. This study used an identification questionnaire, the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire, Beck‘s Suicidal Ideation Scale and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. RESULTS: Patients who had a mental disorder and a risk of suicide attempts tended to be single, had less education and lower family income, were not working and showed lower scores in quality of life domains; 73 of these patients had suicidal ideation in the previous week. Depressive disorders, manic episodes, hypomanic episodes, social phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychotic syndromes and generalized anxiety disorder were more frequent and statistically significant for patients at risk for suicide attempts. CONCLUSION: The management of patients with a risk of suicide attempts must focus on individual patients because this risk is directly linked to changes in quality of life and the improvement of these patients’ prognosis.

INTRODUÇÃO: Enfermeiros e policiais militares são profissionais que trabalham em turnos e têm empregos que exigem atenção e responsabilidade. Eles trabalham sob condições que podem causar estresse, ansiedade e mudanças nos padrões de sono. OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa identificar sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, cronotipo e a presença de ideação suicida em enfermeiros e policiais militares de Arapiraca/Alagoas, Brasil. MÉTODO: Este é um estudo descritivo e quantitativo. As entrevistas foram realizadas usando registros de Identificação e Dados Gerais, o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck, a Escala de Depressão do Centro de Estudos Epidemiológicos e o questionário cronotipo de Horne-Ostberg. RESULTADOS: Cinquenta e três enfermeiras e 111 policiais militares participaram do estudo. Militares e enfermeiras apresentaram cronotipo matutino indiferente e moderado. A maioria das enfermeiras e militares relatou níveis mínimos e leve de ansiedade. As enfermeiras e os policiais militares apresentaram um risco elevado para depressão. Cinco enfermeiras e seis policiais militares pensaram em tantar suicídio até o momento da pesquisa. Não houve diferenças significativas (p > 0,05) entre os grupos de estudo com relação aos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, cronotipo e ideação suicida. CONCLUSÃO: As enfermeiras e policiais militares estudados apresentaram um alto risco de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. Um número considerável de enfermeiras e policiais militares tiveram ideação suicida ao longo da vida. A implementação de medidas de prevenção é necessária para o diagnóstico precoce de ansiedade e transtornos depressivos para evitar complicações, dentre estas, o suicídio.

BACKGROUND: Nurses and police officers are professionals that work in shifts and have jobs that require attention and responsibility. They work under conditions that can cause stress, anxiety and changes in sleep patterns. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify symptoms of anxiety and depression, chronotype and the presence of suicidal ideations in nurses and police officers in the city of Arapiraca/Alagoas, Brazil. METHODS: This is a descriptive and quantitative study. The interviews were conducted using (i) identification records and general data, (ii) the Beck Anxiety Inventory, (iii) the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and (iv) the Horne-Östberg Questionnaire. RESULTS: Fifty-three nurses and 111 police officers participated in the research. Nurses and police officers exhibited indifferent to moderate matutinal chronotypes. Most of the nurses and police officers reported minimal to light levels of anxiety. Nurses and police officers presented elevated risk for depression. Five nurses and six police officers had considered attempting suicide at the time of the research. There were no significant differences between the study groups with respect to anxiety and depression symptoms, chronotype and suicidal ideations. CONCLUSION: The nurses and police officers examined presented high risk for symptoms of anxiety and depression; a considerable number of nurses and officers had lifetime suicidal ideations. Implementation of preventive measures is necessary for the early diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders in order to prevent complications, including possible suicide.

Objetivo: Investigar as características das vítimas de tentativa de suicídio atendidas em serviço pré-hospitalar e os intervalos de tempo consumidos nessa fase de atendimento. Métodos: Estudo transversal utilizando dados da fase pré-hospitalar de atendimento às vítimas de tentativa de suicídio no município de Arapiraca, no ano de 2011. Para análise dos dados, foram realizados teste exato de Fisher, teste t de Student e regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: Foram atendidas 80 vítimas de tentativa de suicídio pelo serviço de atenção pré-hospitalar. As mulheres, com idade superior a dos homens, foram as que mais tentaram suicídio (n = 44, 55%), e a intoxicação por medicamentos foi o método mais utilizado (n = 44, 55%). As tentativas de suicídio ocorreram com maior frequência no outono (n = 29, 36,25%), no dia de domingo (n = 18, 22,5%), principalmente no período vespertino (n = 33, 41,25%). O tempo gasto para o atendimento pré-hospitalar variou entre 34,4 e 40,5 minutos. As variáveis que estiveram associadas às tentativas de suicídio por sexo foram idade (p = 0,03) e tempo de transporte (p = 0,01). Conclusão: Foram encontradas diferenças entre os sexos das vítimas de tentativa de suicídio atendidas pelo serviço de atenção pré-hospitalar. As mulheres apresentaram maior idade que os homens e o tempo de transporte foi maior em vítimas do sexo masculino, sugerindo maior gravidade nas tentativas de suicídio cometidas por esse grupo.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of the victims of suicide attempts treated in pre-hospital services and the time intervals consumed in this phase of care. Methods: Cross-sectional study, which used data from pre-hospital care to victims of suicide attempts occurred in the town of Arapiraca, in 2011. For data analysis, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t test and multiple logistic regression were performed. Results: A total of 80 victims of suicide attempts were treated by pre-hospital care service. Women over the age of men were the most attempted suicide victims (n = 44, 55%) and drug intoxication was the most used method (n = 44, 55%). Suicide attempts occurred more frequently in autumn (n = 29, 36.25%), on Sunday (n = 18, 22.5%), mainly in the afternoon (n = 33, 41.25%). The time spent in the pre-hospital care varied between 34.4 and 40.5 minutes. The variables that were associated with suicide attempts by sex were: age (p = 0.03) and the transportation time (p = 0.01). Conclusion: It was found that there were differences between the sexes of the victims of suicide attempts treated by pre-hospital attendance. Women were older than men and the transportation time was higher in male victims, suggesting greater severity in suicide attempts committed by this particular group.

RESUMO Este artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre suicídio entre os idosos. A revisão da literatura foi feita utilizando três bancos de dados (Medline/Pubmed, SCOPUS e ISI Web of Science) usando os termos suicide and elderly, suicide and older adult and suicide attempt. A publicação se restringe entre 2008 e 2013. Revisão ou artigos teóricos foram excluídos; apenas estudos epidemiológicos foram selecionados para esta revisão. Um total de 1613 referências foram encontradas e apenas sete preencheram os critérios de inclusão de artigos que avaliou a prevalência de suicídio em idosos. Estes artigos incluíam estudos de coorte retrospectivo. O período médio de estudo foi de 7.9 anos. Calculou-se as seguintes taxas de suicídio anual média: Itália (173 casos/ano), Nova Iorque (118 casos/ano e 51 casos por ano, dois estudos), Irlanda (92 casos/ano), Nova Iorque (51 casos/ano), Finlândia (12.9 casos/ano), Turquia (3.5 casos/ano) e Inglaterra (3 casos/ ano). Todos os estudos observaram que homens idosos tinham uma maior taxa de morte por suicídio, em comparação com mulheres idosas. Enforcamento, arma de fogo, afogamento e saltar de lugares altos foram os métodos de suicídio prevalentes entre os idosos. Três artigos relataram que a morte por suicídio estava associada com a presença de transtornos psiquiátricos, uso de substâncias psicoativas e doenças físicas, bem como com causas econômicas e emocionais. Esta revisão determinou que o tema do suicídio entre os idosos é raramente discutido e que pouco se sabe sobre as influências, causas ou prevalência entre os idosos. Além disso, o tipo de acompanhamento recebido, bem como os medicamentos são usados para suicidas eventuais são comumente relatados

This article aimed to perform a systematic review of suicide among the elderly. The literature review was conducted using three databases (SCOPUS, Medline/Pubmed and ISI Web of Science) using the terms suicide and elderly, suicide and older adult and suicide attempt. The publication dates were restricted between 2008 and 2013. Review or theoretical articles were excluded; only epidemiologic studies were selected. A total of 1613 references were found, but only seven met the inclusion criteria, namely articles that assessed the prevalence of suicide in elderly through retrospective cohort studies. The average study period was 7.9 years. The following average annual suicide rates were calculated: Italy (173/cases-year), New York (118.1/cases-year and 51 cases/ year – two studies), Ireland (92/cases-year), Finland (12.9/cases-year), Turkey (3.5/cases-year) and England (3/cases-year). All of the studies reported that elderly males had a higher rate of death by suicide compared to elderly females. Hanging, shooting by firearms, drowning and jumping from high places were prevalent suicide methods. Three articles reported that death by suicide was associated with the presence of psychiatric disorders, psychoactive substance use, and physical illnesses, as well as economic and emotional reasons. This review determined that the topic of suicide among the elderly is rarely discussed and that little is known about influences, causes, or prevalence of suicide among the elderly. Moreover, neither the type of health monitoring nor the medications that are used as interventions for eventual suicide victims are commonly reported in elderly populations.

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil das tentativas de suicídio (TS) que foram atendidos num Hospital de Alagoas, no ano de 2010. Quatrocentos e sessenta e um boletins foram analisados. Houve diferença significativa para as tentativas de suicídio entre homens e mulheres nas faixas etárias de 10 a 19 anos e de 60 a 69 anos. As mulheres cometem mais suicídio na faixa etária entre 10 e 19 anos e os homens entre 60 e 69 anos. A ingestão de drogas foi o método mais frequente para as mulheres; o envenenamento, uso de objetos pontiagudos e enforcamento para homens. Os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir para a elaboração, planejamento e implementação de medidas preventivas em casos de TS.

This study aimed to characterize the profiles of suicide attempts that were attended to in the Hospital of Alagoas in the year 2010. Four hundred sixty-one charts and service bulletins were analyzed. Patients attempting suicide were predominately female. There were significant difference for suicide attempts (SAs) among men and women in the age of 10 to 19 years and 60 to 69 years. Women have tried more suicide aged between 10 and 19 years and men between 60 and 69 years. The ingestion of drugs was the most frequent method for women; and poisoning, use of sharp objects and hanging for men. The results of this study may contribute to elaboration, planning and implementation of preventive measures to reduce cases of SAs.

Transtorno bipolar (TB) é uma doença comum que afeta aproximadamente 1% da população. Apresenta características crônicas e agudas graves, com índices de remissão de baixa e alta prevalência de comorbidades clínicas e psiquiátricas. O objetivo do presente artigo é sintetizar dados de vários artigos que investigaram polimorfismos genéticos associados com TB. Dentre os 129 artigos selecionados, identificaram-se 79 (85,87%) genes associados com TB. Essa análise identificou cinco genes que são os mais citados na literatura: CANAC1C, DAOA, TPH2, ANK3 e DISC1. Dos 92 genes identificados nesses artigos, 33 (35,87%) não mostraram associação com TB. Essa análise mostrou que, apesar dos avanços recentes com relação ao papel do polimorfismo genético na predisposição para TB, mais pesquisas ainda são necessárias para elucidar sua influência sobre esse transtorno.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population. It is associated with both chronic and acute severe features, such as low remission rates and a high prevalence of clinical and psychiatric comorbidities. The aim of the present article is to synthesize data from various articles that investigated genetic polymorphisms associated with BD. The 129 articles selected identified 79 (85.87%) genes associated with BD. This analysis identified the five genes that are the most cited in the literature: CANAC1C, DAOA, TPH2, ANK3 and DISC1. Of the 92 genes identified in these articles, 33 (35.87%) showed no association with BD. This analysis showed that, despite recent advances with respect to the role of genetic polymorphism in predisposition to BD, further research is still required to elucidate its influence on this disorder.

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a co-processing technique for improving the manufacturing properties of Maytenus ilicifolia (Schrad.) Planch., Celastraceae, and Cassia angustifolia Vahl, Fabaceae, extracts in order to obtain tablets containing a high dose of such extracts. An experimental mixture design was used to optimise the formulation composition. Flowability parameters, such as compressibility index, time flow and angle of repose, were determined. Additional important industrial parameters, such as granulometry, bulk density and moisture stability, were also studied. The results demonstrated that co-processing technique was able to improve the flowability of vegetal extracts, making these materials suitable for a direct compression process. The contour plots revealed that formulations with a higher amount of lactose produced the best flow results as well as a larger particle size and a greater bulk density. Tablets from co-processed extracts containing lactose as majority diluent showed appropriate physical-chemical characteristics and presented a more stable moisture sorption behaviour compared to commercial gelatine capsules.